“It’s a pleasant way to view leadership: you stand on the mountaintop, thinking strategically and attempting to inspire your people with visions, while managers do the grunt work. This idea creates a lot of aspirations for leadership, naturally. Who wouldn’t want to...

It is well established that words matter. Yet, we have little knowledge on how language is utilized to frame and how that framing influences investors. Do different types of language affect the perception of risk? Can risk be made to appear more or less acceptable to...

In today’s business environment, progressive companies want their leaders to act ethically and set a viable example that encourages their followers to do the same. In some parts of the world, however, it is often better to let your actions speak for you, rather than...

The problem: who is worthy of trust when performance is hard to measure, and opportunism is easy to hide? Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn noted in The Gulag Archipelago,“the line separating good and evil passes not through states, nor between classes, nor between political...

Knowledge in multinationals travels not only from but also to headquarters. Expatriation involves employees from the headquarters (HQ) of a multinational company (MNC) undertaking an international assignment in a foreign subsidiary, usually with the aim to develop...

After more than a century of globalization, the key question by management scholars and corporate executives has broadened from how multinational enterprises (MNEs) enter new markets to a focus on how established subsidiaries remain competitive and influential over...

ABC, a digital startup from Estonia, was selected as the preferred supplier in a procurement contest for delivering a customer relationship management (CRM) system. The entire team was thrilled about this opportunity as it was the first time they had secured interest...

Almost every aspect of life has changed in some way over the last two years, and the motivation for circular economy (CE) is no exception. Just two years ago, the nascent interest in circular economy was primarily motivated by pressure to reduce natural resource...

Managers distill their experience into simple rules. Top managers distill the lessons they learn into easy to remember simple rules that guide important aspects of their activity. Ray Dalio even wrote a best-selling book titled Principles: Life and Work, in which he...